Topics

Data Lifetime

Media Evolution

Information’s lifetime typically trades off against density.

Sumerian pictographs, ~3000 BC.

Chinese bronze inscription, ~800 BC.

Heracles Papyrus, ~300 BC.

Magna Carta, 1215 AD.

Data Storage: 20th Century

Data Storage: 21st Century

  • Back in 2014:
    PC Magazine, 2014.
  • Then in 2022:
    U. of Arizona, 2022.

Archival Digital Media: Panasonic ADA

Archival Digital Media: M-Disc

M-DISC is an archival-quality storage solution that preserves photos, videos, music, and documents for 1,000 years or more.

Accelerated Aging

Syylex GlassMasterDisc

  • The French study found only Syylex discs survived the test cycle.

  • Syylex prepared archival DVD discs in a special facility.

  • They operated from 2010 to 2015.

The “Digital Dark Age”

Knowledge is Delicate

Information Lost in “Data Landfills”

  • Our important data is not distinguished from the junk.
  • We produce more junk all the time.
  • Historical trash can be interesting, but junk data is mostly unusable.

Bill of sale for a donkey, 125 AD

Archiving is a Discipline

“NASA admitted in 2006 that no one could find the original video recordings of the July 20, 1969, landing… …they were part of a batch of 200,000 tapes that were degaussed – magnetically erased – and re-used to save money.”

“We should have had a historian running around saying ‘I don’t care if you are ever going to use them – we are going to keep them’,” he said.

They found good copies in the archives of CBS news and some recordings called kinescopes found in film vaults at Johnson Space Center.

Do we Really Want to Save our Data?

Perpetual Archives

Microsoft Project Silica

U of Southampton Optoelectronics Research Center

Prof. Peter Kazansky promises “Backing Up Humanity for Eternity”.

Sample Publications

Global Music Vault

Project Silica is connected to the Global Music Vault project:

Communicating Across Time and Culture

Talking to the Future

Data Languages and “Formats”

The simplest documents are “plain text” in ASCII format:

(An easier to read table is available here).

Unicode

Vanishing Languages: Linear A

According to Wikipedia:

Linear A is a writing system that was used by the Minoans of Crete from 1800 to 1450 BC to write the hypothesized Minoan language or languages. Linear A was the primary script used in palace and religious writings of the Minoan civilization… No texts in Linear A have yet been deciphered.

Natural languages are not designed to be easily deciphered.

The Rosetta Stone

  • An ancient legal decree in three languages: Greek, Egyptian Heiroglyphs, and Demotic.
  • Made it possible to decipher ancient Egyptian documents and inscriptions.
  • Provided cultural continuity translating unknown languages into known ones.
  • Archival data needs something similar.

Image by Hans Hillewaert

The Voyager Probe

Communicating Beyond Language: Hazard Signs

Communicating Without Words: Bliss Symbolics